| Replication | Transcription |
| Occurrence | |
| S phase of the cell cycle | G1 and G2 phase of the cell cycle |
| Primer | |
| Requires RNA primer for replication to start | Does not require a primer |
| Enzymes | |
| DNA Polymerase, DNA Helicase | RNA polymerase, Transcriptase |
| Genome copy | |
| Entire genome is copied | Only certain genes are copied |
| Position | |
| Found along the DNA strand | Found only along 1 strand of DNA |
| Raw material | |
| dATP, dTTP, dCTP and dGTP | ATP, GTP, CTP, and UTP |
| Intend | |
| Conserving genome for further generations | Making copies of RNA of genes individually |
| Result | |
| Two daughter strands | mRNA, rRNA, non-coding RNA and tRNA |
| Degradation | |
| Products do not degrade | Products degrade |
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