May, 2025 - www.jkstudents.com

Major Groups Of Microorganism And Their Characteristics

MAJOR GROUPS OF MICROBES MICROBES The term microbe is short for microorganism which means small organism – observed with a microscope Over 99% of microbes contribute to the quality of…

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Cell Biology

TRANSPORT ACROSS PLASMA MEMBRANE

Membrane Function Membranes organize the chemical activities of cells. The outer plasma membrane – forms a boundary between a living cell and its surroundings – Exhibits selective permeability Controls traffic…

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Biotechnology

BACTERIOPHAGE VECTORS

BACTERIOPHAGE Virus that infect bacteria is known as bacteriophage. It was discovered by Frederick W.Twort and Felix d’ Herelle . D’ Herelle coined the term bacteriophage meaning ‘bacterial eater’ to…

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Plant Pathology

EARLY BLIGHT OF POTATO

POTATO •A member of the Solanaceae family, the cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum) is closely related to the tomato, pepper, and eggplant. •Indians in Peru were the first people to cultivate…

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Animal Physiology

The Mammalian Heart

The Heart is the organ that controls the circulatory system in mammals (and other animals). It pumps blood around the body. Mammals have a double circulatory system, so the heart must pump blood to the lung and to the rest…

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Bryophytes

Life History of Polytrichum

Occurrence Polytrichum have worldwide distribution with 111 species. In India only 5 species are found and common species is P. alpinum. They are very common in cool temperature and tropical…

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Mycology

Phylum Basidiomycota: Club fungi have long-lived dikaryotic mycelia

•Approximately 25,000 fungi, including mushrooms, shelf fungi, puffballs, and rusts, are classified in the phylum Basidiomycota. •The name of the phylum is derived from the basidium, a transient diploid stage.…

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Mycology

Phylum Ascomycota: Sac fungi produce sexual spores in saclike asci

•Mycologists have described over 60,000 species of ascomycetes, or sac fungi. •They range in size and complexity from unicellular yeasts to elaborate cup fungi and morels. •Ascomycetes live in a…

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Techniques in Plant Sciences

NORTHERN BLOTTING

What is a blot ?In molecular biology blots is a technique for transferring DNA, RNA and proteins onto a carrier so they can be separated, and often follows the use…

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Techniques in Plant Sciences

DNA sequencing by the Sanger method

The standard DNA sequencing technique is the Sanger method, named for its developer, Frederick Sanger, who shared the 1980 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. This method begins with the use of…

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