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Academic Paper
Definition: Academic paper is a written document that presents the findings of a research study or scholarly inquiry in a formal manner. It is typically written by researchers or scholars and is…
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History of Plant Tissue Culture
Concept of Cell CultureGerman botanist Gottlieb Haberlandt (1902) developed the concept of in-vitro cell culture he was the first to culture isolated cells in a nutrient medium containing glucose, peptones…
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Tumor Supressor Genes
What is tumor? Tumor is undifferentiated or abnormal mass of cell of tissue and it may be solid or fluid filled. Tumor is also called neoplasm. A tumor doesn’t always…
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Similarities between Pteridophytes and gymnosperms
Presence of megasporophylls leaves Megasporophyll is a type of leaf-like structure produced by heterosporous plants such as seed plants, lycophytes, and some ferns. Generally, it produces megasporangia, sacs that produce megaspores of…
Posted inPlant Taxonomy
Bryophytes Vs Pteridophytes
S.No.BryophytesPteridophytes01.Plant body is GametophytePlant body is Sporophyte02.Plant body is thalloid that does not differentiate into roots, stem and leaves.Plant body is differentiated into root stem and leaves.03.Vascular tissue is absent.Vascular…
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What are Gymnosperms
“Gymnosperms are a group of plants that produce seeds not enclosed within the ovary or fruit.” Gymnosperms belong to kingdom ‘Plantae‘ and sub-kingdom ‘Embryophyta’. The fossil evidence suggested that they originated…
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Differences between Gymnosperms and Angiosperms
S.NO.GymnospermsAngiosperms1Vessels are absent (except Gnetales) in the xylem.Vessels are present in the xylem.2Phloem lacks companion cell.Companion cells are present3No Flower formation in Gymnosperms.Flower formation is present4Ovules are naked i.e. not…
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DNA Linkers
What is a Linker? The linkers are short double-stranded sequences of DNA. They have blunt ends. They are chemically synthesized oligonucleotides. They are ligated with the blunt ends of a…
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DNA Methlases and methylation
The nucleotides in DNA can be covalently modified, and in vertebrate cells the methylation of cytosine seems to provide an important mechanism for distinguishing genes that are active from those…