S.NO.GymnospermsAngiosperms1Vessels are absent (except Gnetales) in the xylem.Vessels are present in the xylem.2Phloem lacks companion cell.Companion cells are present3No Flower formation in Gymnosperms.Flower formation is present4Ovules are naked i.e. not…

S.No.CharacterPteridophytesGymnosperms1HabitatHygrophytes (i.e. grow in moist and shaddy places).Xerophytes (Grow where the water supply is scanty.)2RootAdventitious rootsTap Root3Vascular cambiumAbsentPresent4ArchegoniumNeck canal cell , venter canal cell PresentAbsent5WaterEssential for FertilizationNot necessary6Microspores and MegasporesDevelops…

What is a Linker? The linkers are short double-stranded sequences of DNA. They have blunt ends. They are chemically synthesized oligonucleotides. They are ligated with the blunt ends of a…

The nucleotides in DNA can be covalently modified, and in vertebrate cells the methylation of cytosine seems to provide an important mechanism for distinguishing genes that are active from those…

Centrifugation is a process that uses centrifugal force to separate the mixture of biological particle in a liquid medium. A centrifuge is a device for separation of microorganisms from the…

The guidelines described for GAP are intended to streamline the cultivation of medicinal plants as perthe well regulated methods and follow a systematic way in the cultivation process as it…

PEST AND PEST MANAGEMENT IN MEDICINAL PLANTSPest is an undesired animal or plant which causes loss of cultivated plants. The different types of pestsinfecting medicinal plants are as follows.Types of…

HERBIt consists of entire plant or any part of the plant like leaves, flowers, fruits, roots and rhizomes, bark,tubers, stems and branchesHERBAL DRUGThese consist of plants or any part of…